Mapiritsi a mafakitale: mitundu, kalozera wosankha ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito
Industrial bearings ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pazida zamakina. Amawonetsetsa kuti zida zikuyenda bwino komanso zokhazikika pochepetsa kukangana ndikuthandizira kuyenda kozungulira. Kaya ndi galimoto, turbine yamphepo, kapena chingwe chopangira fakitale, mayendedwe amathandizira kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ifufuza mitundu ya ma bere a mafakitale, momwe mungasankhire ma bere oyenera, malingaliro osankhidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kwakukulu kuti akuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino gawo lofunikirali.
1. Ndi chiyanimafakitale?
Ma bere a mafakitale ndi gawo lamakina olondola lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pothandizira matupi ozungulira makina (monga ma shafts, magiya kapena mawilo), kuchepetsa mikangano panthawi yoyenda, ndikupirira katundu wa radial kapena axial kuchokera ku zida. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kusalala, kulondola komanso moyo wautali wamakina oyenda.
2. Mitundu yayikulu ya mayendedwe a mafakitale
Kutengera kapangidwe ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito, zonyamula mafakitale zitha kugawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Kugudubuza mayendedwe
Mipira yozama yakuya: mtundu wodziwika bwino, woyenera kuthamanga kwapakati ndi kutsika, ma radial ndi kuwala kwa axial, monga ma mota ndi zida zapakhomo.
Angular kukhudzana mpira mayendedwe: akhoza kupirira katundu radial ndi axial nthawi yomweyo, ambiri ntchito makina zida spindles, mapampu, etc.
Tapered roller bearings: Amapangidwa kuti athe kupirira katundu wolemera wa ma radial ndi axial, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamawilo amagalimoto ndi ma gearbox.
Ma cylindrical roller bearings: Kuchuluka kwa ma radial katundu, oyenera makina olemera (monga ma turbine amphepo).
- Ma bere otsetsereka (ndege mayendedwe)
Gwirani ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mikangano yotsetsereka, palibe zogudubuza zomwe zimafunikira, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayendedwe otsika kwambiri, onyamula katundu wambiri (monga ma turbines, makina oyendetsa sitima).
- Ma thrust bearings
Opangidwa mwapadera kuti athe kupirira katundu wa axial, monga zida za helical gearboxes.
- Special ntchito chikhalidwe mayendedwe
Ceramic bearings: Kutentha kwakukulu ndi kukana dzimbiri, koyenera kumadera ovuta kwambiri (monga zakuthambo, zida za mankhwala).
Ma bere odzitchinjiriza: Palibe mafuta akunja omwe amafunikira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakavuta kukonza (monga makina a chakudya, zida zamankhwala).
3. Momwe mungasankhire zoyenera zamakampani?
Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mozama kuti musankhe zoyenera kuchita:
1. Mtundu wa katundu ndi kukula kwake
Radial katundu: Kukakamiza perpendicular to axis (monga kukoka kwa pulley).
Katundu wa axial: Limbikitsani kufananiza ndi axis (monga kukankhira pamene ma giya ma mesh).
Katundu wosakanikirana: Ma bereti olumikizana ndi ma angular kapena ma tapered roller amafunikira.
2. Zofunikira za liwiro
Mipira yozama ya groovekapena zitsulo za ceramic ndizokonda ntchito zothamanga kwambiri (monga ma spindle amagetsi).
Ma cylindrical roller bearingsndizoyenera pa liwiro lotsika komanso zolemetsa zolemetsa (monga ma cranes).
3. Malo ogwirira ntchito
Kutentha: Zitsulo zosagwira kutentha kapena zitsulo za ceramic zimafunika kuti pakhale kutentha kwakukulu; mafuta oletsa kuzizira amafunikira pamadera otsika kutentha.
Kuwonongeka: Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena zokutira zitha kusankhidwa pazida zama mankhwala.
Zofunika zosindikizira: Zovala zokhala ndi zovundikira fumbi kapena mphete zosindikizira zimafunikira pamalo afumbi kapena achinyontho.
4. Kuyika ndi kukonza
Kodi ndikosavuta kukhazikitsa? Kugawanika mayendedwe kungathandize kukonza mosavuta.
Kodi mafuta odzola pafupipafupi amafunika kuchitidwa? Ma bere odzipangira okha mafuta amatha kuchepetsa ndalama zolipirira.
IV. Zolinga zosankhidwa
Pewani "kusintha mopitilira muyeso": sankhani malinga ndi momwe mumagwirira ntchito, osatsata mwachimbulimbuli zodziwika bwino.
Ganizirani za mtengo wonse: mayendedwe otsika mtengo amatha kukhala ndi moyo waufupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zosinthira ndi kukonza.
Thandizo laukadaulo la ogulitsa: Sankhani mtundu wodalirika womwe ungapereke magawo aukadaulo ndi malangizo oyika (monga SKF, NSK, TIMKEN). TP akhoza kukupatsirani makonda anu.
Kuyenderana: Onetsetsani kuti kukula kwake kumagwirizana ndi shaft ndi nyumba.
V. Chitsanzo ntchito madera a mayendedwe mafakitale
Makampani opanga magalimoto: ma wheel hub bears, mayendedwe a gearbox,injini zigawo.
Makampani opanga mphamvu: makina opangira magetsi oyendera mphepo, ma fani a hydraulic turbine othandizira.
Makampani opanga: makina opangira zida zamakina, ma loboti olumikizana ndi mafakitale.
Zamlengalenga: mayendedwe a injini osagwira kutentha kwambiri, ma giya okwera.
Zida zapakhomo ndi zinthu zamagetsi: zonyamula ma motor, hard disk drive spindle bearings.
Ngakhalemafakitalendi ang'onoang'ono, ndi "woyang'anira wosawoneka" wa ntchito yabwino ya makina amakono. Kusankha molongosoka mitundu yonyamula ndi kufananiza magwiridwe antchito sikungangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito a zida, komanso kukulitsa moyo wautumiki ndikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza. Ndi bwino kugwira ntchito limodzi ndiakatswiri ogulitsaposankha zitsanzo ndikupanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri potengera zochitika zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za kusankha kapena kupeza zolemba zamalonda, chondekukhudzanagulu lathu luso!
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-15-2025
