Inganda zinganda: ubwoko, icyerekezo cyo gutoranya hamwe nibisabwa
Inganda zinganda ningirakamaro byingenzi mubikoresho byubukanishi. Bemeza imikorere myiza kandi ihamye yibikoresho mukugabanya guterana no gushyigikira kugenda. Yaba imodoka, turbine y'umuyaga, cyangwa umurongo wo gukora uruganda, ibyuma bigira uruhare runini. Iyi ngingo izasesengura ubwoko bwinganda zinganda, uburyo bwo guhitamo neza, guhitamo no gukoresha uburyo bwagutse kugirango bigufashe kumva neza iki kintu cyingenzi.
1. Nikiinganda?
Inganda zinganda nigice gikoreshwa muburyo bukoreshwa cyane mugushigikira imibiri izunguruka (nka shitingi, ibyuma cyangwa ibiziga), kugabanya ubushyamirane mugihe cyo kugenda, no kwihanganira imizigo ya radiyo cyangwa axial ivuye mubikoresho. Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru nugukora neza, neza nubuzima burebure bwimikorere.
2. Ubwoko bwibanze bwinganda
Ukurikije imiterere nihame ryakazi, inganda zishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bikurikira:
- Kuzunguruka
Imipira yimbitse yumupira: ubwoko busanzwe, bubereye umuvuduko wo hagati kandi muto, imizigo ya radiyo nu mucyo, nka moteri nibikoresho byo murugo.
Imipira ihuza imipira: irashobora kwihanganira imizigo ya radiyo na axial icyarimwe, ikunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho byimashini izunguruka, pompe, nibindi.
Ibikoresho bifata ibyuma bifata imashini: Byashizweho kugirango bihangane imizigo iremereye ya radiyo na axial, ikoreshwa cyane mubiziga byimodoka na bokisi.
Ibikoresho bya silindrike: Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imirasire myinshi, bubereye imashini ziremereye (nka turbine z'umuyaga).
- Kunyerera kunyerera (indege)
Kora unyuze mu kunyerera, nta bintu bizunguruka bisabwa, kandi akenshi bikoreshwa muburyo bwihuse, ibintu biremereye cyane (nka turbine, sisitemu yo gutwara ubwato).
- Tera ibyuma
Byashizweho byumwihariko kugirango bihangane imitwaro ya axial, nkibikoresho bya tekinike bifasha muri garebox.
- Imikorere idasanzwe
Ibikoresho bya Ceramic: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, bikwiranye n’ibidukikije bikabije (nk'ikirere, ibikoresho bya shimi).
Kwiyitirira amavuta: Nta mavuta yo hanze asabwa, akoreshwa mubihe bigoye byo kubungabunga (nk'imashini y'ibiribwa, ibikoresho byo kwa muganga).
3. Nigute ushobora guhitamo ibyingenzi bikwiye?
Ibintu bikurikira bigomba gusuzumwa neza kugirango uhitemo neza:
1. Ubwoko bw'imizigo n'ubunini
Umutwaro wa radiyo: Imbaraga perpendicular kuri axis (nko gukurura pulley).
Umutwaro wa Axial: Imbaraga zingana na axis (nko gusunika iyo gare mesh).
Umutwaro uvanze: Birakenewe guhuza imiyoboro cyangwa ibyuma bifata ibyuma bisabwa.
2. Ibisabwa byihuta
Imipira yimbitsecyangwa ceramic yamashanyarazi ikundwa kubikorwa byihuse (nka spindles yamashanyarazi).
Amashanyarazi ya silindrikebirakwiriye umuvuduko muke hamwe nuburemere buremereye (nka crane).
3. Ibikorwa
Ubushyuhe: Ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe cyangwa ibyuma bya ceramic birakenewe kubushyuhe bwo hejuru; amavuta ya antifreeze arakenewe kubushyuhe buke.
Kubora: Ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ibyuma bisize birashobora gutoranywa kubikoresho bya shimi.
Ibisabwa byo gufunga: Ibifuniko bitwikiriye umukungugu cyangwa impeta zifunga birakenewe ahantu huzuye ivumbi cyangwa ubuhehere.
4. Gushiraho no kubungabunga
Biroroshye gushiraho? Gutandukanya ibice birashobora koroshya kubungabunga.
Gukenera amavuta kenshi bigomba gukorwa? Kwiyitirira amavuta birashobora kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga.
IV. Ibitekerezo byo guhitamo
Irinde "kurenza-iboneza": hitamo ukurikije uko akazi gakorwa, udakurikiranye buhumyi ibisobanuro bihanitse.
Reba igiciro cyose: ibicuruzwa bihendutse birashobora kugira ubuzima bucye, bikavamo amafaranga menshi yo gusimburwa no kubungabunga.
Inkunga ya tekinike itanga: Hitamo ikirango cyizewe gishobora gutanga ibipimo bya tekiniki namabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho (nka SKF, NSK, TIMKEN). TP irashobora kuguha ibicuruzwa byihariye kuri wewe.
Kugenzura guhuza: Menya neza ko ingano yikigereranyo ihuye nibikoresho bya shitingi.
V. Ahantu hasanzwe hashyirwa mubikorwa byinganda
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga: ibiziga bya hubgarebox,ibice bya moteri.
Inganda zingufu: umuyaga wa turbine wingenzi, amashanyarazi ya hydraulic.
Inganda zikora: imashini yimashini izunguruka, imashini yinganda zinganda.
Ikirere: moteri irwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibyuma bigwa hasi.
Ibikoresho byo murugo nibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike: gutwara moteri, disiki ya disiki ikomeye.
Nubwoingandani nto, ni "umurinzi utagaragara" wo gukora neza imashini zigezweho. Guhitamo neza ubwoko bwibintu kandi bihuye neza nakazi keza ntibishobora kunoza imikorere yibikoresho gusa, ariko kandi byongerera igihe kinini ubuzima bwa serivisi no kugabanya ibikorwa no kubungabunga ibiciro. Birasabwa gukorana nezaabatanga umwugamuguhitamo icyitegererezo no gufata icyemezo cyiza ukurikije ibintu byihariye byo gusaba.
Niba ukeneye kwiga byinshi kubyerekeye guhitamo cyangwa kubona imfashanyigisho y'ibicuruzwa, nyamunekakuvuganaitsinda ryacu rya tekiniki!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-15-2025
